Media Literacy More Than Just Identifying Disinformation, Says Kyrgyz Official

Kyrgyz Official: Media Literacy Extends Beyond Fake News Detection

Media literacy encompasses more than just distinguishing between authentic information and disinformation, according to Zarina Kalmuratova, chief specialist at Kyrgyzstan’s Ministry of Culture, Information, Youth and Sports Policy. Her remarks came during a panel session at the 12th meeting of the Organization of Turkic States (OTS) Media and Information Working Group in Baku.

Speaking at the session titled “Resilient and preventive measures against growing global information threats: Media ecosystem of Turkic states,” Kalmuratova emphasized that true media literacy involves understanding the nuances of information dissemination.

“Media literacy goes beyond simply identifying what is real and what is fake,” Kalmuratova explained. “It requires a deeper understanding of the context and implications of the information being shared, as well as what information should be disseminated in the first place.”

Kalmuratova highlighted Kyrgyzstan’s existing legislative framework designed to combat false information. “Kyrgyzstan has had a law on protection against fake information for more than three years. Under this law, a source that distributes false information may be blocked for up to two months,” she noted.

However, she acknowledged significant limitations in applying such regulations to social media platforms, which have become primary channels for information sharing in Central Asia and worldwide. “Unfortunately, combating disinformation spread through social media is very difficult,” Kalmuratova admitted.

This challenge reflects a growing global concern as Turkic states, like many regions, face increasingly sophisticated disinformation campaigns. The digital landscape has transformed dramatically in recent years, with social media platforms operating across national boundaries and often beyond the reach of national regulations.

The OTS, formerly known as the Turkic Council, brings together Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkey, and Uzbekistan, with Hungary and Turkmenistan as observer states. The organization has increasingly focused on media cooperation and information security as key areas for regional collaboration.

The meeting in Baku represents part of ongoing efforts among Turkic states to develop coordinated approaches to information challenges. Media literacy initiatives have gained traction across the region as governments recognize that regulatory measures alone cannot fully address the complex information environment.

Media experts point out that the challenge is particularly acute in regions experiencing rapid digital transformation. In Kyrgyzstan, internet penetration has grown significantly in recent years, especially through mobile devices, exposing more citizens to unfiltered information sources.

International organizations, including UNESCO and the OSCE, have supported media literacy programs in Central Asia, emphasizing that building critical thinking skills among citizens is essential for democratic development and social stability.

Kalmuratova’s comments align with a broader understanding among media specialists that effective responses to disinformation require multi-faceted approaches, combining regulatory frameworks, platform accountability, and educational initiatives.

The discussions in Baku highlighted how Turkic states are navigating these complex issues while balancing concerns about information security with principles of free expression. As digital technologies continue to evolve, the challenges of managing information integrity will likely remain at the forefront of policy discussions across the region.

The working group is expected to continue exploring collaborative approaches to strengthening media ecosystems throughout member states, with particular attention to cross-border information challenges that affect the entire Turkic region.